Assignment Task
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW), especially food waste (FW), can be broken down in the absence of oxygen with an increase in temperature through the pyrolysis process to produce a valueadded product named biochar. The production of biochar is an innovative and modern approach that continues to gain global relevance due to its potential as an alternative to fossil fuel. Also, biochar is recognized as a good alternative fuel to charcoal, which is produced from wood that contributes to deforestation and is being used in many developing countries in Africa. It also has many added advantages, such as less processing time and less land space, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, lower cost, high pathogen removal potential, adsorbent for water treatment, and as a soil improving material. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of the compositional variability of food waste on the kinetic behaviour during pyrolysis through the characterization of selected food wastes using proximate analysis and by studying the kinetic behaviour of each food waste and the temperature at which the different compositions are broken down during pyrolysis. Five different fresh FW samples (rice, beans, cassava, banana, and plantain) were collected from a supermarket in Delft and taken to the lab. A representative sample for each FW was randomly selected using the quarter square approach. The experimental results from the five food waste samples showed that the pyrolysis process happened between 250C and 5000C. The major pyrolysis process for each of the five selected food waste samples occurred in the temperature range of 3000C. Furthermore, the kinetic behaviour of three different blending ratios: 50-50 blend, 60-40 blend, and a blend of all five food wastes was investigated using the TGA/DTG device, with each blended sample heated t 7000 C at a rate of 50C per minute using pure nitrogen N2 gas grade six and a flow rate of 50 ml/min. The results for the 60-40 blend showed that it was additive, while 50-50 blend resultsshow a higher ash content for rice plus bean and rice plus banana, and the volatile solid for pure rice was higher than that of rice plus plantain and rice banana mixed. Moreover, the results showed that the selected food waste samples had a high volatile solid content and an ash content of less than 20%, indicating that they are suitable for the production of biochar via the pyrolysis process. And the major pyrolysis is either influences by cellulose or hemicellulose component. However, it is recommended to measure the percentages of these composition (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) in the selected samples during further research.
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